Motion to Dismiss Foreclosure
Your First Line of Defense When Sued
Your First Line of Defense
When you've been served with a foreclosure complaint, the Motion to Dismiss is your first opportunity to attack their case. A successful motion ends the case immediately. Even an unsuccessful motion forces them to defend their claims and creates a record for appeal.
- Attacks fatal defects in their complaint
- Challenges their standing - they must prove right to foreclose
- Exposes broken chain of title and missing documents
- Raises affirmative defenses - fraud, lack of consideration
- Can end case immediately if granted
Critical Timing - File BEFORE Your Answer
- Must file within response deadline - usually 20-30 days after service (check local rules)
- File BEFORE answering the complaint - filing an answer may waive certain defenses
- Tolls the answer deadline - in most jurisdictions, your answer is not due until motion is decided
- Request a hearing - forces them to argue their position
- Have backup plan ready - if denied, file your Answer immediately
Grounds for Dismissal
This motion attacks the complaint under multiple grounds:
- Lack of Standing - No proof of ownership or right to enforce
- Failure to State a Claim - Missing required elements
- Lack of Subject Matter Jurisdiction - Court cannot hear this case
- Failure to Attach Required Documents - Missing note, assignments
- Statute of Limitations - Claim is time-barred
- Unclean Hands - Fraud and bad faith conduct
- Failure to Comply with Conditions Precedent - Required notices not given
- Violation of Due Process - Constitutional protections
On a motion to dismiss, the court must accept all well-pleaded facts as true and construe them in the light most favorable to the non-moving party. However, conclusory allegations and legal conclusions are not entitled to a presumption of truth. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662 (2009).
Template Document
IN THE [CIRCUIT/DISTRICT] COURT
IN AND FOR [COUNTY NAME] COUNTY
STATE OF [STATE]
Plaintiff,
[YOUR NAME]
Defendant.
DEFENDANT'S MOTION TO DISMISS COMPLAINT
WITH PREJUDICE
INTRODUCTION
1. Defendant [YOUR NAME] respectfully moves this Court to dismiss Plaintiff's Complaint with prejudice pursuant to [Rule 12(b)(1), (6)] of the [State/Federal] Rules of Civil Procedure for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, lack of standing, and fraud.
2. Plaintiff's Complaint is fatally defective as it is based on a void debt for which no consideration was provided, brought by a party lacking standing to foreclose, and founded on fraudulent representations about the nature of the underlying transaction.
STATEMENT OF FACTS
3. On or about [LOAN DATE], Defendant executed a promissory note with [ORIGINAL LENDER] for $[LOAN AMOUNT].
4. Plaintiff [CURRENT PLAINTIFF] now claims to have the right to foreclose, but has failed to establish:
- Ownership of the promissory note
- Valid assignment of the mortgage/deed of trust
- Standing to enforce the obligation
- That any consideration was provided for the note
5. The debt has been disputed by Defendant through:
- Notice of Disputed Debt dated [DATE]
- Qualified Written Request dated [DATE]
- Notice of Lack of Consideration dated [DATE]
6. Despite these disputes and requests for validation, Plaintiff has proceeded with foreclosure without proving:
- They are the real party in interest
- They have possession of the original note
- The chain of title is intact
- Any money was actually lent
MEMORANDUM OF LAW
A. Plaintiff Cannot Prove Ownership of the Note
7. To have standing to foreclose, Plaintiff must prove it owns and holds the promissory note. See Carpenter v. Longan, 83 U.S. 271 (1872) ("the note and mortgage are inseparable").
8. Plaintiff has failed to:
- Attach the original promissory note to the Complaint
- Allege possession of the original note
- Provide a complete chain of endorsements
- Prove the note was properly transferred
B. The Chain of Title is Broken
9. The Complaint fails to establish an unbroken chain of title from the original lender to Plaintiff. Missing or defective assignments void Plaintiff's claim.
10. If the loan was securitized, Plaintiff must prove:
- The loan was properly transferred to the trust
- Transfer occurred before the closing date
- All PSA requirements were met
- The trust has standing to foreclose
C. MERS Lacks Authority
11. If MERS is involved, it cannot transfer the promissory note as it is merely a registration system, not a holder of the note. MERS has no standing to assign what it does not possess.
A. No Valid Debt Exists - Lack of Consideration
12. A fundamental element of any foreclosure action is the existence of a valid debt. Here, no valid debt exists because no consideration was provided for Defendant's promissory note.
13. Banks do not lend depositors' money or their own assets. They create bookkeeping entries using the borrower's promissory note. The Federal Reserve's "Modern Money Mechanics" and Bank of England's publications confirm banks create money when making loans.
14. Defendant's promissory note was the source of the funds, not a promise to repay a loan. The note constituted payment in full in our debt-based monetary system where Federal Reserve Notes are themselves debt obligations (12 U.S.C. § 411).
B. Failure to Allege Required Elements
15. To state a claim for foreclosure, Plaintiff must allege:
- Execution of a valid note and mortgage
- Default under the terms
- Compliance with all conditions precedent
- Amount owed with specificity
- Right to enforce the obligation
16. The Complaint fails to properly allege these elements, instead relying on conclusory statements without factual support.
C. Violation of Conditions Precedent
17. Plaintiff has failed to comply with conditions precedent including:
- Providing required notices under the mortgage
- Offering loss mitigation as required by law
- Validating the debt as requested
- Proving ownership before accelerating
18. Under FDCPA § 809(b), collection activity must cease on disputed debts until validated. Defendant has formally disputed this debt and Plaintiff has failed to validate it.
19. Foreclosing on a genuinely disputed debt violates due process. Defendant has raised substantial questions about:
- The validity of the debt
- Plaintiff's standing
- Lack of consideration
- Fraudulent inducement
20. Plaintiff comes to this Court with unclean hands, having engaged in:
- Fraudulent creation of assignments
- Robo-signing of documents
- False claims of ownership
- Violation of federal criminal statutes
- Deceptive practices in loan origination
21. One who seeks equity must do equity. Plaintiff's fraudulent conduct bars equitable relief of foreclosure.
22. Allowing foreclosure without requiring Plaintiff to prove ownership, standing, and validity of the debt violates Defendant's constitutional right to due process under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments.
23. Defendant has a protected property interest that cannot be taken without due process of law, including the right to challenge the validity of the alleged debt and Plaintiff's authority to enforce it.
REQUEST FOR JUDICIAL NOTICE
24. Defendant requests this Court take judicial notice of:
- Federal Reserve publication "Modern Money Mechanics"
- Bank of England "Money Creation in the Modern Economy"
- 12 U.S.C. § 411 (Federal Reserve Notes as obligations)
- Public records showing assignments were executed after this suit was filed
- MERS Terms and Conditions stating it holds no beneficial interest
CONCLUSION
25. For the foregoing reasons, Plaintiff's Complaint should be dismissed with prejudice as:
- Plaintiff lacks standing to bring this action
- No valid debt exists due to lack of consideration
- The Complaint fails to state a claim
- Plaintiff has unclean hands
- The debt is disputed and unvalidated
- Due process violations bar foreclosure
26. Dismissal should be WITH PREJUDICE as the defects are not curable. Plaintiff cannot manufacture standing, create consideration that never existed, or cure fraudulent conduct.
27. WHEREFORE, Defendant respectfully requests that this Court:
- Dismiss Plaintiff's Complaint with prejudice;
- Award Defendant costs and attorney's fees;
- Grant such other relief as the Court deems just and proper.
REQUEST FOR ORAL ARGUMENT
Defendant respectfully requests oral argument on this Motion as the issues raised are complex and fundamental to the administration of justice in foreclosure proceedings.
Respectfully submitted,
DATED: [DATE]
[YOUR NAME]
[YOUR ADDRESS]
[CITY, STATE ZIP]
[PHONE NUMBER]
[EMAIL]
Defendant Pro Se
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I hereby certify that on [DATE], I served a true and correct copy of the foregoing Motion to Dismiss on:
[PLAINTIFF'S ATTORNEY NAME]
[LAW FIRM]
[ADDRESS]
[CITY, STATE ZIP]
By: [ ] U.S. Mail [ ] Hand Delivery [ ] Email (if agreed) [ ] Court E-Filing System
[YOUR NAME]
Key Cases Supporting Dismissal
- Carpenter v. Longan, 83 U.S. 271 (1872) - Note and mortgage are inseparable
- Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662 (2009) - Plausibility standard for pleading
- U.S. Bank v. Ibanez (Mass. 2011) - Must prove chain of title
- Glaski v. Bank of America (Cal. 2013) - Void if PSA violated
Research your state's key foreclosure defense cases to add to this list.
Strategic Filing Tips
- File immediately - Don't miss deadline (usually 20-30 days)
- Request hearing - Forces them to argue their case
- Attach key documents - Support your arguments with exhibits
- Be specific - Point out exact defects in their complaint
- Research local cases - Judges follow local precedent
- Consider discovery stay - Ask court to stay discovery pending ruling
- Prepare for opposition - They'll file a response brief
- Draft reply brief - You get the last word before hearing
- Practice oral argument - Be ready to argue key points
- Have backup plan - If denied, file your Answer immediately
What If the Motion Is Denied?
A denied motion to dismiss is not the end. Many successful foreclosure defenses survived initial motion denial. If denied:
- File your Answer and Counterclaim immediately
- Preserve all arguments for appeal
- Use discovery aggressively to prove your claims
- The record you created supports later motions